Tips for Asking About Symptoms in Chichewa

Depressed mood

• Have you been feeling unhappy or sad? Kodi mumakhala osasangalala kapena osakondwa?
• Have you lost interest or pleasure in the things you usually enjoy? Kodi chinakuchokelani chilakolako chopanga zinthu zomwe zimakusangalatsani?

Suicidal thoughts

• Have you ever thought about trying to end your life? Kodi munayamba mwaganizirapo zochotsa moyo wanu?

Anxiety

• Do you feel nervous, tense or worried? kodi mumakhala ndi nkhawa, mantha kapena madandaulo?

Elated mood

• Are you happier or more cheerful than usual? Kodi mukumakhala okondwa kapena osangalala kwambiri kuposa nthawi zones

Strange experiences, beliefs and behaviour:

• Sometime when people are stressed they can have strange experiences. Has anything strange or unusual happened to you? Nthawi zina anthu akamasowa mtendere amatha kuona kapena kukumana ndi zinthu zodabwitsa. Kodi chilipo china chilichonse chodabwitsa chomwe chinakuchitikilani?
• Did you ever hear things that other people couldn’t such as noises or voices of people whispering or talking? Munayamba mwamvapo zinthu zomwe ena samamva monga phokoso, kapena anthu akunong’onezana kapena kuyakhula?

Depressed Mood

• Now I’m going to ask you some more questions about your mood Tsopano ndikufunsani mafunso ena okhudzana ndi momwe mwakhala mukumvera mumtima mwanu monga kusangalala kapena kudandaula.
• How have you been feeling recently? Kodi mwakhala mukumva bwanji masiku apitawa?
• Have you been feeling low or sad? Kodi mwakhala osasangalala kapena kudandaula?
• For how much of the time have you been feeling like that? Is it every day? For how long every day? Mwakhala mukumva kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji?  Kodi ndi tsiku ndi tsiku kwa nthawi yayitali bwanji?
• Does your mood change as the day goes on? When do you feel worst? Kodi zochitika zanu zimasinthika bwanji tsiku likamatha?   Mumaipidwa nthawi yanji?
• When did you start to feel this way? Did something happen that was upsetting or stressful? Mwayamba liti?  Kodi munali ndi chiphinjo chilichonse?
• How have these feelings affected your day-to-day life? Mamvedwe anu am’mtima asokoneza bwanji zochitika zanu za tsiku ndi tsiku?
• Have you been feeling tense and anxious? Mumakhala othunthumira?
• Have you been irritable and short tempered? Mukumapsya mtima msanga ndi zinthu zazing’ono?

Anhedonia

• Have you lost interest or pleasure in the things you usually enjoy? Kodi chinakuchokelani chilakolako chopanga zinthu zomwe zimakusangalatsani?
• Have you stopped doing those things? Mwasiya kuchita zinthu zija?
• Is there anything that you still enjoy? Kodi pali china chiri chonse chimene muma sangalatsidwa nacho?

Energy

• How is your energy level? Mphamvu zanu zili bwanji muthupi mwanu?
• Do you feel tired a lot of the time? Mumamva Kufooka?
• Do you get tired easily? Kodi mukuma fooka msanga?

Sleep

• How are you sleeping these days? Mbali ya tulo, mukumagona bwanji masiku ano?
• Are you having trouble falling asleep or staying asleep? Kodi mumavutika kuti mupeze tulo kapena kukhala chigonele?
• Are you waking up earlier than usual? Kodi mukumadzuka mwansanga kwambiri kusiyana ndimene mumadzukila nthawi zonse
• How does that affect your energy levels? Kodi zimenezi zimasokoneza bwanji mphamvu kapena nyonga zanu?

Appetite

• How has your appetite been recently? Kodi chilakolako chanu pa chakudya chili bwanji?
• Are you eating less or more than is usual? Kodi mukumadya pang’ono kapena kwambiri?
• Do you enjoy food as much as you usually do? Kodi mukumasangalala ndi chakudya?
• Have you lost or gained any weight? Kodi mukuona ngati mukuwonda kapena mukunenepa?

Libido

• When people feel low like this, they can lose their sex drive. Is this a problem for you? Anthu akakhala okhumudwa chonchi nthawi zina chilakolako chogonana chimawachokela. Limeneli ndi vuto kwa inu?

Concentration and memory

• Do you have trouble thinking or concentrating? Kodi mumavutika poganiza kapena kukhala ndi chidwi popanga chinthu?
• What kind of things did it interfere with? Nanga ndi zinthu zanji zomwe zimasokonekera chifukwa cha vuto lakuganizali kapena lakusamvetsetsali
• Is it hard to make decisions about everyday things? Kodi mumavutika kupanga chisankho kapena kumanga mfundo pa zinthu za tsiku ndi tsiku?

Worthlessness

• Do you feel like you are worthless? Kodi mukuwona ngati ndinu munthu osafunikira?

Guilt

• Have you been feeling guilty about things recently? What things? Kodi mukumamva chisoni ndi zinthu zochitika posachedwa?  Ndi zinthu zotani?
• Do you feel as though you have let people down? Kodi mukuwona ngati mwakhumudwitsa anthu ena?
• Have you ever felt that you have committed a crime or done something terrible for which you should be punished? Kodi munavapo ngati mwapalamula kapena mwapanga china chake choipa kwambiri ndipo mukuyenera kulandira chilango?

Hopelessness

• How have you been feeling about the future?
• Could things change for the better? Kodi zinthu zikhoza kusintha ndikukhalaso bwinobwino?

How do you see your future?

Tsogolo lanu mumaliwona bwanji?

Do you ever feel hopeless about the future?

Kodi mumaona ngati mulibe tsogolo?

Do you ever wish you were dead?

Kodi munayamba mwafunapo kuti mutangofa?

Have you ever thought about trying to end your life?

Kodi munayamba mwaganizirapo zochotsa moyo wanu?

Have you ever made plans or actually tried to kill yourself?

Kodi munayamba mwakonzapo ndondomeko yoziphela kapena kuyetsela kuzipha?

Do you have current plans to kill yourself?

Kodi panopa muli ndi ndondomeko iliyonse yofuna kuzipha?

Physical symptoms

• How does your body feel when you are nervous? For example, choking feelings, breathing problems, palpitations, butterflies, shaking…
• What do you think is happening when you get these feelings?
• Thupi lanu limamva bwanji mukagwidwa ndi mantha?
• Mwachisazo, kusamwa, kubanika, Kuthamanga kwa mtima, kunjenjemera
• Mumaganiza kuti chikuchitika ndi chiani mukamamva chonchi?

Psychological symptoms

• What worries do you have? /what worries you the most? Muli ndi nkhawa zanji/Ndichani chimene chimakupasani nkhawa kwambiri?
• Do you find it hard to concentrate? Kodi mumavutika kukhala chidwi?
• Can you relax and switch off? Kodi mumatha kudekha ndi kusanganizila china chili chonse?
• Have you felt as if you weren’t real? (depersonalization) Kodi munayamba mwazimva ngati si inu enieni?
• Has the world around you felt unreal? (derealization) Kodi dziko limaoneka ngati silenileni kwa inuyo?

Assessing if episodic or continuous

• Do you feel anxious all the time or just some of the time? Kodi mumamva nkhawa thawi zonse kapena mwa apo ndi apo?
• Do you know what makes you anxious? Kodi mumadziwa chimene chimakupangisani nkhawa?
• What was happening or going through your mind when you last felt anxious? Chimachitika ndi chani kapena mumaganiza chani pa nthawi yomaliza imene munali ndi nkhawa.

General questions

• (Can you hear/see things other people don’t notice? Kodi mumamva kapena kuwona zinthu zomwe anthu ena samazimva kapena kudziwona?
• Have you seen or heard anything that’s worried you recently? Kodi mwaona kapena kumva china chake chimene chikukudesani nkhawa masiku ochepa apitawa?
• If they are distracted (e.g. glancing about/mumbling) ask why… e.g. Is something making it hard for you to concentrate? Can you hear or see something?  Chilipo chimene chikokusonezani kuti mukhale ndi chidwi? Kodi mukumva kapena kuona china chake?

Auditory

• Did you ever hear things that other people couldn’t such as noises or voices of people whispering or talking?  Munayamba mwamvapo zinthu zomwe ena samamva monga phokoso, kapena anthu akunong’onezana kapena kuyakhula?
• If yes, what did you hear?  How often do you hear it? Ngati eya: Mumamva chani? Mumamzimva kangati patsiku?
• Did they comment on what you were doing or thinking? Kodi mawuwo amanenelela zomwe mukupanga kapena mukuganiza?
• Do they ever tell you what to do? Kodi amakuwuzani zinthu zoti muchite?
• Do they ever say your thoughts aloud? Kodi amanena zimene mukuganiza mokweza?
• How many voices did you hear? Were they talking to each other? Kodi mumamva mawu a anthu angati? Amayakhulitsana?

Visual

• Did you have visions or see things that other people couldn’t? (Were you awake at that time?) Kodi munali ndi maso mphenya kapena kuona zinthu zomwe ena samaona? (munali muli m’maso pa thawiyi?
• Have you ever seen ghosts/sprits/visions? Kodi munaonako mizukwa (ziwanda)/mizimu/maso mphenya?

Somatic/Tactile

• What about strange sensations in your body or on your skin? (e.g. like insects crawing?) Nanga mumamva zinthu zodabwitsa muthupi lanu kapena pa khungu lanu? (Ngati chinthu chikukuyendani?) 

Gustatory/olfactory

• Have you noticed any strange tastes or smells that have worried you? Kodi mumamva kukoma kodabwitsa kwa zakudya kapenanso fungo lodabwitsa lomwe limakudandaulitsani?

Persecutory

• Have other people been acting suspiciously? Is anyone going out of their way to give you a hard time, hurt you, or kill you? Kodi anthu ena akumapanga zinthu zokayikitsa? Alipo amene angofuna kukupatsani mpishupishu, Kukupwetekani kapena kukuphani?

Delusions of reference

• Has it ever seemed like people were talking about or taking special notice of you? Kodi zimaoneka ngati anthu ena akumanena za inu kapena kukhala nanu chidwi?
• What about receiving special messages from the TV, radio, or newspaper or from the way things were arranged around you? Nanga mumalandila uthenga okukhuzani kuchokela pa kanema, Wayilesi, kapena munyuzi. Kapenanso m’mene zinthu zimasanjidwila mokuzungulilani?

Passivity

• Do you feel as if you are controlled by someone else, almost as if they have a remote control for you? Kodi mumamva ngati moyo wanu ukuyendesenda ndi munthu wina wake, ngati akukusogolerani ndi limoti?
• Did you ever felt like someone or something outside yourself was controlling your thoughts or actions against your will? Kodi nthawi zina mumawona ngati munthu kapena chinthu china chake chimakupangitsani kuti muziganiza kapena kuchita zinthu zimene inu simukufuna?
• Can anyone interfere with the thoughts in your head? Kodi munthu akhonza kuseweretsa kapena kosokoneza maganizo anu m’mutu mwanu?

Thought Insertion

• Did you ever feel like certain thoughts that were not your own were put into your head? Kodi munayamba mwamvapo ngati maganizo ena ake omwe sali anu ayikidwa m’mutu mwanu?
• Can anyone put their thoughts into your head without even talking to you? Kodi zontheka munthu koyika maganizo ake m’mutu mwanu ngakhale asanayakhule nanu?

Thought Withdrawal

• Can anyone steal/take/pluck thoughts from your head? Kodi wina wake angabe/kutenga/kuchotsa maganizo m’mutu mwanu?

Thought Broadcasting

• Did you ever feel as if your thoughts are being broadcast out loud so that other people could actually hear what you were thinking? Kodi munayamba mwamvapo ngati maganizo anu akuwulutsidwa mokweza kuti mpakana anthu ena kumamva zomwe mukuganiza?
• Do you ever believe that someone could read you mind? Kodi mukukhulupilira kuti munthu akhonza kuziwa zomwe mukuganiza?

Religious delusions

• Have you ever had any unusual religions experiences? Kodi muakomanapo ndi zinthu zodabwitsa zokhuzana ndi chipembezo?

Elated Mood 

• How have you been feeling recently? Kodi mukumamva bwanji masiku ano?
• Are you happier or more cheerful than usual? Kodi mukumakhala okondwa kapena osangalala kwambiri kuposa nthawi zonse
• When did you start feeling like this? What happened around then? Munayamba liti kumva chonchi? Chinachitika ndichani pa nthawiyi?

Increased energy

• What are your energy levels like at the moment? Kodi mphamvu zanu zili bwanji panopa?
• Have you always had this much energy? Kodi munali kale ndi mphavu zambiri chonchi?
• How are you spending your new-found energy? Kodi mukugwilitsa ntchito bwanji mphamvu zatsopano zomwe mwazipezazi?
• Were you much more talkative than usual? (did people have trouble stopping you or understanding you?) Kodi mumakonda kuyakhulayakhula kuposa nthawi zonse? (Kodi anthu amavutika kukuletsani kapena kukumvesetsani?)

Libido

• Have you noticed a change in your sex drive, as well as your energy? Kodi mwaonako kusitha kulikonse pa chilakolako chanu chogonana kapena mphamvu zanu?

Sleep

• How has your sleep been lately? Mbali ya tulo, mukumagona bwanji usiku?

Reckless behaviours

• Have you been in any trouble recently? Kodi mwakhalapo mumavuto ena aliwose posachedwapa?
• Have you been doing things you would not usually dare to do (Drugs/sex/gambling etc)? Kodi mwakhala mukupanga zinthu zoti simungapange muli bwinobwino (Mankhwala ozunguza bongo, Chiwerewere, juga)
• Have you been spending a lot more than usual? Kodi mukuwononga ndalama zambiri kuposa nthawi zonse?
• What happens when people irritate you? Chimachitika ndi chani anthu akakukwiyitsani?

Interest or enjoyment

• You seem interested in so many different things- are these new interests? Mukuoneka kuti muli ndi chidwi chopanga zinthu zambiri zosiyanasiyana- Kodi chidwichi ndichatsopano?
• You must have so much energy to do so much…. Mukuoneka kuti muli ndi mphavu zambiri kuti mupange zinthu zochuluka chonchi…
• You’re so busy…! When do you find time to sleep/eat/work? Ndinu otanganidwa kwambiri…Mumapeza bwanji nthawi yogona/kudya/kugwira ntchito?

Self-Worth

• How do you think of yourself? Mumamva bwanji mukaziwona nokha?
• Do you have more self-confidence than usual? Mumakhala ozikhulupilira kwambiri kuposa nthawi zonse?
• How would you compare yourself with other people? Mungazisiyanitse bwanji ndi anthu ena?
• You seem such a positive person...How do you see things turning out? Mukuoneka ngati ndinu munthu olingalila zinthu zabwino...mukuona ngati zinthu zikhoza kutha bwanji?

Grandiose ideas/delusions

• Do you have any special talent or power? Muli ndi luso kapena mphamvu zapadeladela?
• Does your life have a mission or special purpose? Muli ndi cholinga chapadeladela mu moyo wanu?

Delusions of reference

• Have you seen or heard anything in the news that had a special meaning for you? Munaonako kapena kumva china chake mu nyuzi chomwe chinali ndi thandauzo la padeladela kwa inu?

Hallucinations

• Has anyone important or famous spoken to you recently? Alipo wina wake ofunikira kapena otchuka amena wakuyakhulisani posachedwapa?
• Do you pick up on things other people can’t see or hear? Kodi mumatha kumva kapena kuona zinthu zomwe anthu ena saona kapena kumva?

Concentration/thought

• How has your concentration been? Kodi chidwi chanu pa zinthu chilli bwanji?
• Are you easily distracted by things around you that you had trouble concentrating or staying on one track?